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Sub-Saharan African countries account for around one-third of the total, followed by Latin America and the Middle East (the latter 2 together representing over 40% of the total). Including, there has been an (from 90.3 in 2000-04 to 92.6 and 92.3 in the five years pre- and post-pandemic ).
and ranked greater than others; UAE is up more than 45 places in 2024 compared to 2000 while Qatar climbed up 24; both Saudi Arabia and Oman increased 17 ranks during the duration. The trapped or worse off countries are some parts of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa where structural change has actually stalled.
Stabilizing the Future: Why Regional SWFs Are Pivoting Their Strategyreveals a substantial boost in average EDI scores from 86.8 in 2000-04 to 92.6 in 2020-24, (up more than 10 points in the initial period versus 2020-24). with UAE outperforming in the trade sub-index (supported by recent bilateral trade contracts & non-oil exports push). vs its pre-pandemic reading (partially given the surge in medium & state-of-the-art production information).
Its diversity metrics have stagnated, revealing the least improvement in between the initial (2000-04) and final (2020-24) reference periods., regardless of the headwinds of OPEC+ production cuts. A robust non-hydrocarbon expansion was supported by the GCC's robust domestic need (supported by a strong project pipeline and implementation) and strong services sector efficiency.
Tracking the 2026 Surge of Foreign Direct Investment in TechKuwait and Saudi Arabia clocked in an increase in non-hydrocarbon revenue, "mainly reflecting non-hydrocarbon tax base expansions and income collection efficiency improvements", according to the IMF. In the existing geopolitical environment characterized by magnifying, it remains in the best interests of commodity reliant nations to diversify its export base, exports and trade partners.
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